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SpikeInterface

SpikeInterface provides a unified interface for spike sorting — the process of detecting and classifying action potentials from extracellular recordings.

Input formats

.nwb, .bin, .dat, .raw, .mda, .h5, .zarr

Sorter backends

SorterGPUDescription
Kilosort4YesRecommended. State-of-the-art GPU spike sorter
Kilosort3YesPrevious generation Kilosort
Kilosort2.5YesStable, widely-used version
IronClustYesGPU-accelerated spike sorter
MountainSort5NoCPU-based, fast for small recordings
SpyKING CIRCUS 2NoTemplate-matching based sorter
Tridesclous2NoCPU-based spike sorter

Parameters

ParameterRangeDefaultDescription
Sampling rate1k–100kHzAuto-detectedRecording sampling rate
Channels1–4096Auto-detectedNumber of recording channels
Data typeint16/float32/etc.int16Data type of recording
Bandpass filterfreq_min/freq_max300–6000 HzFrequency range for filtering
Common median ref.ToggleOnRemove common noise via median subtraction
Detection threshold2–20 std dev6Spike detection sensitivity
Drift correctionToggleOnCorrect for electrode drift
ISI violation thresholdFloat0.5 msRefractory period violation threshold
Min SNRFloat2.0Minimum signal-to-noise ratio for units
Phy exportToggleOffExport for manual curation in Phy
Save waveformsToggleOnSave spike waveform templates

Outputs

OutputFormatDescription
Spike timesNPYSpike timestamps and unit assignments
Waveform templatesNPYAverage waveform per unit
QC metricsJSONSNR, ISI violations, firing rates
NWB outputNWBResults in Neurodata Without Borders format (optional)
Phy exportTAR.GZFiles for manual curation in Phy GUI
Sorting summaryPNGVisual summary of sorting results

Presets

PresetSorterDescription
Neuropixels DefaultKilosort4384 channels, 30kHz, optimized for Neuropixels probes
Quick SortMountainSort5CPU-based, fastest option for small recordings
High QualityKilosort4Full QC metrics + Phy export for manual curation

Compute requirements

ResourceRequirement
GPUGPU sorters require CUDA-capable GPU. CPU sorters run on CPU only.
Duration900–1800 seconds depending on recording length and sorter